2 December 15, 2020
1. Andrey I. Barbashev, Tamara S. Dudnikova, Alexey P. Glinushkin, Natalia P. Chernikova, Iliya P. Lobzenko, Gleb O. Korkin, Maria R. Krepakova, Anna G. Timofeeva, Elena I. Tikhonenko, Karen A. Ghazaryan, Hasmik S. Movsesyan, Gulnora M. Bakoeva, Fatemeh Adelisardou, Ivan Simunic
Benzo(a)pyrene Uptake by Spring Barley Plants in Model Vegetation Experiment
Biogeosystem Technique. 2020. 7(2): 47-54.
Number of views: 343 Download in PDF
2. Rama Mohammed Daoudsy, Sergei I. Kolesnikov, Anna A. Kuzina, Kamil Sh. Kazeev, Dang Hung Cuong, Nguyen Dang HoiBiogeosystem Technique. 2020. 7(2): 47-54.
Abstract:
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common environmental pollutants. They are formed by incomplete combustion of organic materials (coal, wood, oil and petroleum products). The most dangerous compound among PAHs is benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), as it is a carcinogen and a class 1 mutagen and must be controlled in all natural environments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accumulation of BaP in soil and plants under the conditions of a model vegetation experiment. The object of the study was spring barley, which was grown under the conditions of a model vegetation experiment, the soil of which was contaminated with various doses of BaP. The soil of the model experiment was incubated under conditions close to natural on the experimental site of the Southern Federal University (Russia, SFU) for 36 months. PAHs were extracted from soil samples using the ecologically clean express method of subcritical water extraction. The concentration of priority PAHs in soil samples was determined, and the concentration of BaP in the vegetative and root parts of barley plants was also determined. During 3 years of the experiment, there was a decrease in the concentration of PAHs in soil samples. The content of BaP in the soil and its accumulation in barley plants decreased during 3 years from the initial contamination.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common environmental pollutants. They are formed by incomplete combustion of organic materials (coal, wood, oil and petroleum products). The most dangerous compound among PAHs is benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), as it is a carcinogen and a class 1 mutagen and must be controlled in all natural environments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accumulation of BaP in soil and plants under the conditions of a model vegetation experiment. The object of the study was spring barley, which was grown under the conditions of a model vegetation experiment, the soil of which was contaminated with various doses of BaP. The soil of the model experiment was incubated under conditions close to natural on the experimental site of the Southern Federal University (Russia, SFU) for 36 months. PAHs were extracted from soil samples using the ecologically clean express method of subcritical water extraction. The concentration of priority PAHs in soil samples was determined, and the concentration of BaP in the vegetative and root parts of barley plants was also determined. During 3 years of the experiment, there was a decrease in the concentration of PAHs in soil samples. The content of BaP in the soil and its accumulation in barley plants decreased during 3 years from the initial contamination.
Number of views: 343 Download in PDF
Assessment of South Russia Arid Soils Resistance to Gasoline Contamination Using Biological Indicators
Biogeosystem Technique. 2020. 7(2): 55-65.
Number of views: 327 Download in PDF
3. Abhishek Singh, Vishnu Rajput, Sapna Rawat, Anil Kumar Singh, Akhilesh Bind, Alok Kumar Singh, Natalya Chernikova, Marina Voloshina, Ilia LobzenkoBiogeosystem Technique. 2020. 7(2): 55-65.
Abstract:
Arid ecosystems occupy a significant part of the world's ecosystems and play important role in the biodiversity and stability of natural ecosystems. At the same time, Soils of arid ecosystems significantly differ in their ecological and genetic properties, and, accordingly, in their resistance to chemical pollution. It has been established that the soil pollution of arid ecosystems by gasoline in Russia leads to decrease the biological activity: Inhibition of enzyme activity (activity of catalase and dehydrogenases), decrease the general number of bacteria in the soil, decrease the galore of bacteria of genus Azotobacter in the soil, phytotoxic properties, cellulolytic ability. In most cases, there is a significant decrease in all the studied parameters. The degree of decrease depends on the concentration of gasoline in the soil. The obtained sequence of arid soils resistance of the south of Russia to gasoline pollution: ordinary chernozem (haplic chernozem loamic) > chestnuts soils (haplic kastanozems chromic)> dark chestnuts soils (haplic kastanozems chromic) ≥ light chestnuts soils (haplic kastanozems chromic) ≥ sandy soils (calcaric arenosols) ≥ brown semi – desert soils (haplic calcisols) > solonetzes medow (gleyic solonetz albic) > shor solonchaks (puffic solonchaks aridic). Used in the study indicators of the soil biological state can be recommended for forecasting, assessment and control of chemical contamination of arid soils. Based on the assessment of soil ecological functions violation in oil industry, the quantitative regional standards landmarks were developed of the maximum permissible gasoline concentrations (MPC) in arid soil.
Arid ecosystems occupy a significant part of the world's ecosystems and play important role in the biodiversity and stability of natural ecosystems. At the same time, Soils of arid ecosystems significantly differ in their ecological and genetic properties, and, accordingly, in their resistance to chemical pollution. It has been established that the soil pollution of arid ecosystems by gasoline in Russia leads to decrease the biological activity: Inhibition of enzyme activity (activity of catalase and dehydrogenases), decrease the general number of bacteria in the soil, decrease the galore of bacteria of genus Azotobacter in the soil, phytotoxic properties, cellulolytic ability. In most cases, there is a significant decrease in all the studied parameters. The degree of decrease depends on the concentration of gasoline in the soil. The obtained sequence of arid soils resistance of the south of Russia to gasoline pollution: ordinary chernozem (haplic chernozem loamic) > chestnuts soils (haplic kastanozems chromic)> dark chestnuts soils (haplic kastanozems chromic) ≥ light chestnuts soils (haplic kastanozems chromic) ≥ sandy soils (calcaric arenosols) ≥ brown semi – desert soils (haplic calcisols) > solonetzes medow (gleyic solonetz albic) > shor solonchaks (puffic solonchaks aridic). Used in the study indicators of the soil biological state can be recommended for forecasting, assessment and control of chemical contamination of arid soils. Based on the assessment of soil ecological functions violation in oil industry, the quantitative regional standards landmarks were developed of the maximum permissible gasoline concentrations (MPC) in arid soil.
Number of views: 327 Download in PDF
Monitoring Soil Salinity and Recent Advances in Mechanism of Salinity Tolerance in Plants
Biogeosystem Technique. 2020. 7(2): 66-87.
Number of views: 334 Download in PDF
4. Biogeosystem Technique. 2020. 7(2): 66-87.
Abstract:
Salt stress is the most prominent factor that has affected agriculture production, induced various problems, and a serious challenge to food security. Numerous adverse effect can be noticed during salt stress that is pretentious to their physiological, biochemical, molecular, and morphological functions. Plants develop a mechanism to subdue the problem that arises through salt stress via adoption or tolerance process but these mechanisms are not sustainable. It leads to a decline in the biomass of plants and overall crop productivity. For sustainable development of food security and overcome the looming endanger of salt stress in the reduction of food production and exponential population growth, novel and advanced technologies like plant breeding, biotechnology, nanotechnology can be explored and made to work for the development of salt tolerance of crop varieties.
Salt stress is the most prominent factor that has affected agriculture production, induced various problems, and a serious challenge to food security. Numerous adverse effect can be noticed during salt stress that is pretentious to their physiological, biochemical, molecular, and morphological functions. Plants develop a mechanism to subdue the problem that arises through salt stress via adoption or tolerance process but these mechanisms are not sustainable. It leads to a decline in the biomass of plants and overall crop productivity. For sustainable development of food security and overcome the looming endanger of salt stress in the reduction of food production and exponential population growth, novel and advanced technologies like plant breeding, biotechnology, nanotechnology can be explored and made to work for the development of salt tolerance of crop varieties.
Number of views: 334 Download in PDF